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What is Project Integration Management?

What is Project Integration?

Integration is the act of combining or consolidating all the processes together. In simple words, it is the process of adding small-small parts to make it whole. In project management, Integration is evaluating and making trade-offs among stakeholders, overlapping processes, or competing activities to successfully reach the goal. Trade off’s means, you can’t have everything to finish the project on time and within budget. Alternatives are found out to meet the stakeholder’s expectations if there are competing project activities.

What is Project Integration Management?

Project Integration Management is the coordination of resources, stakeholders, and other project elements that ensures to execute the project end to end successfully. In simple words, project integration management is a way of making all the project elements and processes work together in order to run the project smoothly. This involves identifying, defining, unifying, combining and coordinating all the activities and processes.

PMBOK-6th edition defines Project Integration Management as,

“ Project Integration Management includes the processes and activities to identify, define, combine, unify, and coordinate the various processes and project management activities within the Project Management Process Groups.”

Project Integration Management is one of the 10 knowledge areas of project management. Integration management involves managing the remaining knowledge areas such as:

• Schedule
• Cost
• Scope
• Quality
• Resources
• Risks
• Changes
• Stakeholders

Project integration management occurs throughout the project lifecycle in all the 5 phases of the project management.

• Initiating
• Planning
• Executing
• Monitoring and controlling
• Closing

Why Project Integration Management is important?

Project management is a complex process. In large scale projects, keeping track of everything that can cause project failure is difficult. The project might be carried out by different departments and in different locations. The collaboration between departments can be difficult and can slow down the project. The key role of the project manager is to incorporate or consolidating all the activities and processes. Project integration management is the ultimate responsibility of project managers.

The primary role of the project manager is project integration. Project Managers are the bridge between top management and project delivery team as they make sure the scope of the project is clear, monitors and reports regularly on the progress of the project that is in line with the defined cost, schedule, and quality.

Project integration management aims to interconnect all the processes and activities with respect to time, scope, cost, quality, human resource, communication, risk, procurement, and stakeholder.

What are the advantages of Project Integration Management?

Project Integration Management is the most important aspect of any project. The success or failure of the project highly depends on Project Integration. The main advantages of project integration management are:

• Provides coordination and synchronization
• The organization will be able to run the project smoothly.
• Officially closes the project activities and phases.
• Measures and monitors the project’s progress
• Manages and controls the performance and the changes
• The decision making is clearer.
• Collects information on the results and convey them to stakeholders.

What are the processes involved in Project Integration Management?

There are seven project processes involved in project integration management that runs throughout the project life-cycle in all the phases. The coordination between the resources, stakeholders, and other project elements that ensure to execute the project end to end successfully is Project Integration Management. It is very important because project success highly depends on integration management in terms of schedule, cost, quality, scope, risks, etc. The seven processes are:

1. Develop Project Charter process:

The develop project charter process is a document that is prepared in the initiation phase to formally authorize the existence of the project. In this process, the document is prepared and given to the authoritative project manager to use the resources required for the project.

The project charter is a key element that describes the whole project in brief. The project charter generally includes the objective of the project, stakeholders, requirements, high-level assumptions and constraints, etc.

2. Develop Project Management Plan process:

The process of combining all the project plans and sub-plans into a single integrated plan. It is one of the most crucial processes of project management. Project success is dependent on the project management plan. The authoritative head to plan project management is the project manager.

This document is approved and signed by authorized stakeholders.

3. Direct and Manage Project Work process

In this process, the project work activities are directed and managed while executing. This refers to the term “leading and controlling” the assigned project activities. The key outputs of this process are final deliverables and change requests for the project work.

4. Manage Project Knowledge process

The main objective of this process is to improve the project process using existing knowledge and creating new knowledge. The knowledge created is used for further processes and future projects. The continuing knowledge gain and utilizing the existing knowledge is the main objective of the project.    

5. Monitor and Control Project Work process

Monitoring and controlling project work refers to continuous tracking, reviewing and reporting the project progress status to achieve the required target of the project work activities.

The performances of each assigned resource are monitored and controlled. The document is prepared regarding the issue and the improvement possible.

6. Perform Integrated Change Control process

The perform integrated change control process includes reviewing all the change requests and managing them effectively from all the working departments. The document is prepared for approval of any change requests.

The change requests are approved when there is not much impact on scope, time and cost of the project. The change requests can be project deliverables, project plans or project assets.

7. Close Project or Phase process

This process refers to closing the project activities by finalizing all the deliverables of project activities and the documents related to closing the project or phase is prepared by the project manager. In this process, the resources are released to work for other projects.

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