Top 20 AWS Interview Question and Answer

1. What is the relation between the Availability Zones and Region?

Availability zones and regions are two different but related features. Availability zones are portions of a region that can be isolated from other parts of the same region. Think of them as a group of data centers that can replicate themselves if necessary.

2. Explain what S3 is.

Simple Storage Service (S3) is a web-based storage service offered by Amazon Web Services. You can store any amount of data anytime and anywhere on the web and pay only for what you use.

3. What are the native AWS Security logging capabilities?

AWS Cloud Trail and AWS Config have the capabilities. These two tools can help you track changes in your AWS account. Cloud Trail is helpful for security analysis, resource change tracking, and compliance auditing, while Config can help you understand the configuration changes happening in your environment. In addition, these services can be configured to send notifications via SNS when new logs are delivered.

4. Mention what the relationship between an instance and AMI is.

You can launch multiple types of instances from a single AMI. Each instance type provides different computer and memory capabilities. Once you establish an example, it looks like a traditional host, and we can interact with it as we would with any computer.

5. What are the different types of virtualization in AWS, and what are their differences?

In hardware virtualization, all virtual machines run on the same physical hardware. These virtual machines boot by executing a master boot record in the root block device of your image.

Para virtualization is a virtual machine in which the guest operating system executes like the host operating system. Para virtualization uses a special bootloader called PV-GRUB, a modified version of GRUB. The PV-GRUB chain loads the para-virtualized kernel specified in the menu.

Para virtualization on HVM is a software layer between the host operating system and virtual machines. Para virtualized hardware lets you use storage and network I/O provided by your host operating system.

6. What is a T2 instance?

T2 instances are a new type of instance that you can create in the Amazon EC2 console or API. T2 instances work with Amazon Elastic Compute Cloud (Amazon EC2) to provide a cost-effective way to run applications and websites on AWS.

T2 instances are designed to provide predictable performance and cost, making them ideal for web servers, dev/test environments, content delivery networks (CDNs), database servers, and other applications requiring moderate CPU and memory resources.

7. What is Cloud Watch?

Cloud Watch is a monitoring service provided by Amazon Web Services. Cloud Watch offers detailed statistics about AWS resources' usage, performance, and health. In addition, Cloud Watch monitors the performance of running applications on Amazon EC2 instances.

8. What Are the Benefits of AWS's Disaster Recovery?

AWS Disaster Recovery provides a comprehensive solution for businesses to protect their data and applications from natural disasters and other disruptions. The service includes:

• Building backup infrastructure in AWS regions outside your primary location.
• Storing copies of your data in several Availability Zones.
• Replicating them to another area for disaster recovery.

9. Explain how the buffer is used in Amazon web services.

The buffer is a temporary storage area used to store data temporarily before it is written to disk or transmitted over a network. This allows businesses to handle large amounts of data quickly and efficiently.

The buffer can be used in Amazon Web Services (AWS) to help manage the volume of traffic that flows through your website. A website that receives more traffic than usual may need to be scaled up with additional instances (virtual servers) to handle the increased load. For example, if you have an online retail site and expect an increase in sales during the holiday season, you might want to scale up your website to handle the increased traffic without crashing or slowing down.

10. What is an Elastic Transcoder?

Elastic Transcoder is an AWS service that helps you automate and streamline the process of converting your media files for distribution over the internet or mobile devices. It supports a wide range of input formats and output formats and can be used to perform local processing or remote processing (processing on Amazon EC2 instances).

11. What are key pairs in AWS?

Key-pairs are an essential part of the AWS security model. They control access to AWS services, including EC2 instances and S3 buckets. A key pair consists of a public key that can be shared publicly and a private key that is kept secret. The private key is used to sign requests when you need to authenticate with AWS services.

12. What are the edge locations?

The edge location is the point of presence (PoP) where an organization's traffic enters the AWS network. The edge location is used as an entry point for incoming Internet traffic.

13. What is AWS Lambda?

AWS Lambda is a compute service that runs code in response to events and automatically manages the computing resources required by that code. One can use AWS Lambda to extend other AWS services with custom logic, or it can be used to build applications that respond quickly to new information.

14. How Do Amazon Rds, Dynamodb, and Redshift Differ from Each Other?

Amazon Rds, Dynamodb, and Redshift are three primary services that Amazon offers. They are all hosted databases with different use cases.

Amazon RDS is a service that allows you to create a relational database in the cloud. It offers an extensive set of features that include multiple database engines (MySQL, Oracle), high availability, scalability, and backup/restore.

DynamoDB is a highly scalable NoSQL data store that supports document and key-value style data models. It provides fast and predictable performance with low latency at any scale.

Redshift is designed for running analytic workloads such as data warehousing and business intelligence (BI). It can handle petabytes of data without compromising performance or functionality.

15. What are RTO and RPO in AWS?

RPO (or Response Time Objective) is the amount of time it takes for your organization to respond to an incident. It is measured in days, weeks, or months. The goal is to have an RPO for each type of incident, such as a service disruption or a data loss.

RTO (or Recovery Time Objective) is the amount of time it takes for your organization to recover from an incident. It is measured in days, weeks, or months. The goal is to have an RTO for each type of recovery, such as restoring service or recovering data.

16. What are the essential features of Amazon cloud search?

Amazon Cloud Search is a fully managed service that provides you with a powerful and flexible search engine that can be used to index your website, email, and other content. In addition, you can use our platform to add search functionality to your app or website and provide users with an intuitive experience by building customized search pages.

Amazon Cloud Search features include:

• A search engine that can be used in any environment.
• Flexible configuration options include customizing the query language (for example, using standard SQL) or creating your parser.
• Advanced ranking logic for results is based on various factors, including relevancy, authority, user context, and more.
• Dependency management for adding custom operators and data sources.

17. Can you vertically scale Amazon EC2 instances?

Yes, you can. The main thing to remember is that you need to allocate more memory for the new instance, which means that your existing models will need to be scaled down.

You can scale up by increasing the size of an existing instance, or you can scale down by reducing the number of instances running on a single physical server.

18. What Is Amazon Route 53?

Amazon Route 53 is a service that lets you route your traffic to the best location for your business. It's like a Smart DNS provider, but it's not limited to just proxies or VPNs.

Amazon Route 53 is an Internet domain registry, which means that Amazon hosts and maintains hundreds of thousands of unique domains. You can use these domains as the basis for your DNS (Domain Name System) records, but they're not just sitting idly on their own: They're being used to route traffic between websites and devices worldwide!

19. What is the difference between an IAM role and an IAM user?

The critical difference between an IAM role and an IAM user is that users can be assigned to an IAM role. Roles are a tool for managing permissions and access control, while users are objects that roles can manage.

20. What are the different types of Load Balancers in AWS services?

The different types of load balancers in AWS services include:

Elastic Load Balancing (ELB): This load balancer can service multiple applications with at least one instance of each application. The ELB distributes incoming traffic among the application instances and scales automatically as needed.

Application Load Balancer (ALB): An ALB can service multiple applications with a single instance of each application. The ALB distributes incoming traffic among the cases, while ELBs handle the distribution based on the client's IP address.

Traffic Manager: This is a type of load balancer that can service multiple applications with a single instance of each application. Traffic Managers are used for high availability or redundancy when deploying various models for different clients.